Revisión bibliográfica de estudios preclínicos sobre los efectos de los cannabinoides y su potencial aplicación terapéutica en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer

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dc.contributor.advisorSosa Venegas, Luis Mauricio
dc.contributor.advisorPino-Pinzón, Carmen Juliana
dc.contributor.authorOrtegón Buitrago, Ana María
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-15T00:27:39Z
dc.date.available2024-05-15T00:27:39Z
dc.date.issued2024-04
dc.description.abstractLa planta Cannabis sativa, miembro de la familia Cannabaceae está compuesta por cannabinoides, los cuales poseen propiedades analgésicas, neuroprotectoras y antiinflamatorias relacionadas con el sistema endocannabinoide (SEC). Este sistema, compuesto principalmente por los receptores CB1 y CB2 desempeña funciones clave en la cognición, memoria, emociones y control del dolor. El interés en la investigación de Cannabis sativa ha aumentado, especialmente en relación con la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), una enfermedad neurodegenerativa que afecta a un número creciente de personas y se ha convertido en una de las principales causas de muerte en todo el mundo, razón por la cual en esta revisión se buscó recopilar literatura científica relacionada a estudios in vivo e in vitro en roedores sobre los efectos de los cannabinoides y su potencial aplicación terapéutica en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda y selección de artículos a través de las bases Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest y Springer Link donde se incluyeron palabras clave y criterios de exclusión e inclusión. Dentro de los resultados que se obtuvieron, se evidenciaron diferentes efectos del Cannabidiol (CBD), Tetrahidrocannabinol (THC) y el uso concomitante de estos cannabinoides; el CBD ha demostrado mitigar la neurotoxicidad y revertir el déficit cognitivo en modelos de ratones con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA). Además, se ha observado que este cannabinoide tiene impactos positivos en la memoria de reconocimiento social, la reducción de la neuroinflamación, la formación de placas de Aβ y la hiperfosforilación de tau. Por otro lado, el THC ha mostrado reducir la concentración de Aβ y poseer propiedades neuroprotectoras, mejorando el rendimiento cognitivo y la memoria espacial en dosis bajas. Al finalizar la revisión se encontró que tanto el THC como el CDB mostraron tener efectos beneficiosos para el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) en estudios in vivo e in vitro que podrían ayudar a disminuir o detener el progreso de la enfermedad. Sin embargo, se requiere de investigación preclínica para comprender completamente los mecanismos y riesgos del uso de THC, CBD y su mezcla en el contexto de la EA. Así como para comprender completamente los mecanismos y determinar la eficacia y seguridad en el tratamiento de la EA.
dc.description.abstractenglishThe Cannabis sativa plant, a member of the Cannabaceae family, is composed of cannabinoids, which have analgesic, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties related to the endocannabinoid system (ECS). This system, composed mainly of CB1 and CB2 receptors, plays key functions in cognition, memory, emotions and pain control. Interest in Cannabis sativa research has increased, especially in relation to Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease that affects a growing number of people and has become a leading cause of death worldwide. , which is why this review sought to compile scientific literature related to in vivo and in vitro studies in rodents on the effects of cannabinoids and their potential therapeutic application in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. To do this, a search and selection of articles was carried out through the Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest and Springer Link databases, where keywords and exclusion and inclusion criteria were included. Within the results obtained, different effects of Cannabidiol (CBD), Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and the concomitant use of these cannabinoids were evident; CBD has been shown to mitigate neurotoxicity and reverse cognitive deficits in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, this cannabinoid has been observed to have positive impacts on social recognition memory, reduction of neuroinflammation, Aβ plaque formation, and tau hyperphosphorylation. On the other hand, THC has been shown to reduce the concentration of Aβ and have neuroprotective properties, improving cognitive performance and spatial memory at low doses. At the end of the review, it was found that both THC and CBD showed beneficial effects for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in in vivo and in vitro studies that could help slow or stop the progression of the disease. However, preclinical research is required to fully understand the mechanisms and risks of using THC, CBD, and their mixture in the context of AD. As well as to fully understand the mechanisms and determine the effectiveness and safety in the treatment of AD.
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreelevelQuímico Farmacéuticospa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad El Bosquespa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquespa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/12115
dc.language.isoes
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad El Bosquespa
dc.publisher.programQuímica Farmacéuticaspa
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dc.relation.referencesMatthew J. Joanne E. Patrick M. Tammy C. Hoffmann, D. Shamseer, M. Tetzlaff, A. Akl, E. Glanville, M. Hróbjartsson, M. Li, W. Luke A. McGuinness, A. Stewart, C. Tricco, A. (2021) Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas, Revista Española de Cardiología, Volume 74, Issue 9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2021.06.016
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.localAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectCannabinoides
dc.subjectNeurotoxicidad
dc.subjectEnfermedades neurodegenerativas
dc.subjectCannabis
dc.subjectAlzheimer
dc.subject.ddc615.19
dc.subject.keywordsCannabinoids
dc.subject.keywordsNeurotoxicity
dc.subject.keywordsNeurodegenerative diseases
dc.subject.keywordsCannabis
dc.subject.keywordsAlzheimer's
dc.titleRevisión bibliográfica de estudios preclínicos sobre los efectos de los cannabinoides y su potencial aplicación terapéutica en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer
dc.title.translatedBibliographic review of preclinical studies on the effects of cannabinoids and their potential therapeutic application in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
dc.type.coarhttps://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttps://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregrado

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