Fármacos antineoplásicos y sus efectos tóxicos en la salud humana y organismos acuáticos: revisión sistemática

Cruz Ramírez, Diana Vanessa

Fármacos antineoplásicos y sus efectos tóxicos en la salud humana y organismos acuáticos: revisión sistemática

dc.contributor.advisor	Becerra Figueroa , Liliana Marcela
dc.contributor.author	Cruz Ramírez, Diana Vanessa
dc.date.accessioned	2024-11-20T15:54:19Z
dc.date.available	2024-11-20T15:54:19Z
dc.date.issued	2024-10
dc.description.abstract	Los fármacos antineoplásicos son compuestos utilizados en diversos procedimientos terapéuticos, siendo la quimioterapia uno de los tratamientos primarios para el cáncer. Sin embargo, el creciente uso de estos medicamentos ha generado preocupaciones ambientales, ya que pueden ingresar al medio ambiente a través de las aguas residuales de los hospitales. Asimismo, la detección de contaminantes anticancerígenos a concentraciones traza (ng/L) representa un desafío analítico debido a la falta de pruebas específicas y métodos estandarizados. Las técnicas más comúnmente utilizadas para el análisis son LC-MS/MS y HPLC-QqQ-MS. Entre los agentes citotóxicos de amplio espectro como la ciclofosfamida y la ifosfamida, clasificados, según la Directiva 93/67/EEC, como no tóxicos para ciertas especies acuáticas en pruebas agudas, pueden requerir activación enzimática para manifestar su toxicidad. Por un lado, el 5-fluorouracilo es altamente tóxico para varias especies acuáticas, incluidas bacterias, crustáceos y algas, con concentraciones efectivas medias (EC50) inferiores a 1 mg/L. Por el otro lado, el cisplatino representa un riesgo significativo debido a su capacidad para causar daño en el ADN y afectar el desarrollo celular, mientras que el tamoxifeno destaca por su potencial para inducir estrés oxidativo y bioacumularse en tejidos críticos como el hígado.
dc.description.abstractenglish	Antineoplastic drugs are compounds used in various therapeutic procedures, with chemotherapy being one of the primary treatments for cancer. However, the increasing use of these drugs has raised environmental concerns, as they can enter the environment through hospital wastewater. Furthermore, the detection of anticancer contaminants at trace concentrations (ng/L) represents an analytical challenge due to the lack of specific tests and standardized methods. The most commonly used techniques for analysis are LC-MS/MS and HPLC-QqQ-MS. Among broad-spectrum cytotoxic agents such as cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide, classified, according to Directive 93/67/EEC, as non-toxic for certain aquatic species in acute tests, they may require enzymatic activation to manifest their toxicity. On the one hand, 5-fluorouracil is highly toxic to several aquatic species, including bacteria, crustaceans and algae, with mean effective concentrations (EC50) less than 1 mg/L. On the other hand, cisplatin represents a significant risk due to its ability to cause DNA damage and affect cellular development, while tamoxifen stands out for its potential to induce oxidative stress and bioaccumulate in critical tissues such as the liver.
dc.description.degreelevel	Pregrado	spa
dc.description.degreelevel	Químico Farmacéutico	spa
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf
dc.identifier.instname	Universidad El Bosque	spa
dc.identifier.reponame	reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque	spa
dc.identifier.repourl	repourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/13268
dc.language.iso	es
dc.publisher.faculty	Facultad de Ciencias	spa
dc.publisher.grantor	Universidad El Bosque	spa
dc.publisher.program	Química Farmacéutica	spa
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dc.rights.accessrights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accessrights	https://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.local	Acceso abierto	spa
dc.subject	Fármacos antineoplásicos
dc.subject	Cáncer
dc.subject	Técnica analítica
dc.subject	Aguas residuales
dc.subject	Medio ambiente
dc.subject	Toxicidad
dc.subject.ddc	615.19
dc.subject.keywords	Antineoplastic drugs
dc.subject.keywords	Cancer
dc.subject.keywords	Analytical technique
dc.subject.keywords	Wastewater
dc.subject.keywords	Environmental
dc.subject.keywords	Toxicity
dc.title	Fármacos antineoplásicos y sus efectos tóxicos en la salud humana y organismos acuáticos: revisión sistemática
dc.title.translated	Antineoplastic drugs and their toxic effects on human health and aquatic organisms: systematic review
dc.type.coar	https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversion	https://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.driver	info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.hasversion	info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.local	Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregrado