Impacto de los conocimientos, actitudes y creencias sobre salud mental de trabajadores comunitarios informales, antes y después de la capacitación

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dc.contributor.advisorJanashak Cadena, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorZárate Román, Diana Carolina
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-11T18:26:47Z
dc.date.available2024-06-11T18:26:47Z
dc.date.issued2024-06
dc.description.abstractRESUMEN Antecedentes: Colombia no cuenta con suficientes profesionales de la salud mental para la población. Se ha sugerido que los trabajadores comunitarios informales de salud mental podrían desempeñar un papel importante en la prevención de los trastornos de salud mental, especialmente en las comunidades vulnerables de bajos recursos. Objetivo: Desarrollar una comprensión de los programas comunitarios internacionales para la salud mental, las características de los trabajadores comunitarios informales de salud mental, y medir el impacto en el conocimiento, las actitudes y las creencias sobre las personas con problemas y enfermedades de salud mental, antes y después de la capacitación del programa The Friendship Bench/Un Banquillo Amigable. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo. Resultados: Catorce participantes fueron reclutados para completar el programa de entrenamiento de ocho sesiones (28 horas) para convertirse en "orientadores" para el programa The Friendship Bench. De los 14 participantes, el 21,4% eran hombres, el 71,5% eran mujeres y el 7,1% eran no binarios. El promedio para los rangos de edad de 18 a 29 años fue de 64.3%, de 30 a 44 años fue de 14.3% y de 45 a 54 años fue de 21.4%. La mayoría (92,9%) de los 14 participantes eran de Santander y solo el 7,1% eran de Bogotá. Los participantes completaron una prueba previa y posterior sobre sus actitudes generales, conocimientos y creencias sobre la salud y la enfermedad mental. El cuestionario constaba de 50 preguntas, constituidas por 8 dominios diferentes que eran: causas de enfermedad mental con medias pre-test 27,4, post-test 28; violencia con medias pre-test 14.1, post-test 14.1; esperanza con medias pre-test 16.3, post-test 14.4; valor social con medias pre-test 23.4, post-test 23.4; evitación con medias pre-test 16, post-test 17,6; restricciones con medias pre-test 20, post-test 20,4; percepciones con medias pre-test 19.6, post-test 19.2; y limitaciones con medias pre-test 19, post-test 20.5. Conclusión: Este estudio exploratorio con un número muy limitado de participantes muestra la aceptabilidad de las actitudes, el aumento del conocimiento y la disminución en la creencia de esperanza para las personas con problemas de salud mental cuando se les expone a la capacitación para implementar una intervención basada en la comunidad impartida por trabajadores comunitarios informales de salud mental, introducida en Colombia por el programa The Friendship Bench de Zimbabue, África. En general, las percepciones, los conocimientos y las actitudes positivas pueden contribuir a abrir una nueva visión para la accesibilidad de la salud mental en las diferentes comunidades que permitirá a las personas buscar ayuda más temprano que tarde y sin la preocupación de no tener los recursos para acceder al servicio. Se considerarán las implicaciones para la enfermería.
dc.description.abstractenglishAbstract Background: Colombia does not have enough mental health professionals for the population. It has been suggested that informal community mental health workers (CMHWs) could play an important role in the prevention of mental health disorders especially in vulnerable communities with low resources. Objective: Develop an understanding of international community programs for mental health, characteristics of informal community mental health workers, and measure the impact on knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about persons with mental health problems and illnesses, before and after training of The Friendship Bench/Un Banquillo Amigable program. Method: Descriptive quantitative study. Results: Fourteen participants were recruited to complete the eight-session training program (28 hours) to become “orientadores” for The Friendship Bench program. Of the 14 participants, 21.4% were men, 71.5% were women and 7,1% were nonbinary. The average for age ranges from 18-29 was 64.3%, from ages 30-44 was 14.3% and from ages 45-54 was 21.4%. The majority (92.9%) of the 14 participants were from Santander and only 7.1% were from Bogotá. The participants completed a pre and post-test about their general attitudes, knowledge and beliefs of mental health and illness. The questionnaire consisted of 50 questions, constituting 8 different domains which were: causes of mental illness with means pre-test 27.4, post-test 28; violence with means pre-test 14.1, post-test 14.1; hope with means pre-test 16.3, post-test 14.4; social value with means pre-test 23.4, post-test 23.4; avoidance with means pre-test 16, post-test 17.6; restrictions with means pre-test 20, post-test 20.4; perceptions with means pre-test 19.6, post-test 19.2; and limitations with means pre-test 19, post-test 20.5. Conclusion: This exploratory study with a very limited number of participants shows the acceptability of attitudes, increased knowledge, and less belief in hope for persons with mental health problems when exposed to training to implement a community-based intervention delivered by informal community mental health workers, introduced in Colombia by the Friendship Bench program from Zimbabwe, Africa. Overall, positive perceptions, knowledge and attitudes can contribute to help open a new vision for mental health accessibility in the different communities that will allow for people to reach for help sooner than later and without the worry of not having the resources to access the service. Implications for nursing will be considered.
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreenameEnfermerospa
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad El Bosquespa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquespa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/12317
dc.language.isoes
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Enfermeríaspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad El Bosquespa
dc.publisher.programEnfermeríaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.rights.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb
dc.rights.localAcceso cerradospa
dc.subjectSalud mental
dc.subjectComunidad
dc.subjectOrientadores
dc.subject.keywordsMental health
dc.subject.keywordsCommunity
dc.subject.keywordsInformal community mental health workers
dc.subject.nlmWY 100
dc.titleImpacto de los conocimientos, actitudes y creencias sobre salud mental de trabajadores comunitarios informales, antes y después de la capacitación
dc.title.translatedImpact of mental health knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of informal community workers, before and after training
dc.type.coarhttps://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttps://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregradospa

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