Efecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis

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dc.contributor.advisorDíaz Muñoz , Gustavo Alfonso
dc.contributor.authorDíaz Muñoz, Gustavo Alfonso
dc.contributor.authorCastañeda Gómez, Angela Maria
dc.contributor.authorBelalcázar Monsalve , Maria Paula
dc.contributor.authorZambrano Salazar , Juan Pablo
dc.contributor.authorBautista Velandia, Maria Camila
dc.contributor.authorBallesteros Arbeláez, Felipe
dc.contributor.orcidDíaz Muñoz, Gustavo Alfonso [0000-0002-9216-7873]
dc.contributor.orcidCastañeda Gómez, Angela Maria [0000-0003-3022-2352]
dc.contributor.orcidBelalcázar Monsalve, Maria Paula [0000-0002-5439-2260]
dc.contributor.orcidZambrano Salazar, Juan Pablo [0000-0001-6544-046X]
dc.contributor.orcidBautista Velandia, Maria Camila [0000-0001-7009-0302]
dc.contributor.orcidBallesteros Arbeláez , Felipe [0000-0002-8227-5256]
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-11T21:39:49Z
dc.date.available2024-12-11T21:39:49Z
dc.date.issued2021-03
dc.description.abstractIntroducción: la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías (DC) se conoce por su efecto para reducir el peso corporal. La pérdida de peso saludable debe reducir la grasa corporal y mantener la masa muscular, pero los metaanálisis previos no han evaluado estos cambios. El objetivo de este metaanálisis fue cuantificar el efecto de la dieta cetogénica comparada con una dieta hipocalórica (DH), sobre los cambios de composición corporal en adultos con exceso de peso. Métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis según la metodología Cochrane. Se consultaron 5 bases de datos usando los términos “Body Weight” OR “Body Composition” AND “Diet, Ketogenic”. Se incluyeron estudios experimentales controlados, seguimiento ≥4 semanas realizados en adultos con IMC ≥25 kg/m2 y desenlaces de peso y composición corporal. Resultados: la búsqueda arrojó 492 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 10 para el metaanálisis y solo 3 presentaron bajo riesgo de sesgo. El metaanálisis indicó que la dieta cetogénica, respecto a la dieta hipocalórica, promueve mayor pérdida de peso (-6,9 kg, intervalo de confianza [IC] 95 %: -10,4; -3,3), de índice de masa corporal (IMC; -1,6 kg/m2; IC 95 %: -3,0; -0,2) y masa grasa (-0,8 kg; IC 95 %: -1,1; -0,5). No se encontró suficiente información para indagar sobre la masa muscular. Los riesgos de sesgo junto con el sesgo de publicación y de reporte podrían estar sobreestimando el efecto de la dieta cetogénica. Conclusiones: en adultos con exceso de peso y con seguimiento hasta de 12 meses, la dieta cetogénica, comparada con la dieta hipocalórica, presentó mayor pérdida de peso, disminución del IMC y reducción en la masa grasa, pero podría estar sobreestimado por sesgos de publicación o reporte. Por lo anterior, se considera innecesario emplear la dieta cetogénica para el control del peso corporal.
dc.description.abstractenglishIntroduction: low-calorie ketogenic diet is known for its effect on reducing body weight. Healthy weight loss should reduce the body fat and maintain the muscle mass, but previous meta-analyses have not evaluated these changes. The objective of this meta-analysis was to quantify the effect of ketogenic diet compared to a hypocaloric diet, on changes in body composition in overweight adults. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out according to Cochrane methodology. Five databases were consulted using the terms “Body Weight” OR “Body Composition” AND “Diet, Ketogenic”. Controlled experimental studies, with a follow-up ≥4 weeks conducted in adults with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 and reported weight and body composition outcomes were included. Results: The search yielded 492 articles, of which 10 were selected for meta-analysis and 3 had low risk of bias. Our meta-analysis indicates that ketogenic diet promotes greater weight loss than hypocaloric diet (-6,9 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -10.4; -3.3), BMI (-1.6 kg/m2; 95% CI: -3.0; -0.2), and fat mass (-0.8 kg; 95% CI: -1.1; -0.5). Not enough information was found to inquire about muscle mass and exercise. The risks of bias together with publication and reporting bias could be overestimating the effect of ketogenic diet. Conclusions: In overweight adults with a follow-up of up to 12 months, ketogenic diet compared with HD showed loss of weight, BMI and fat mass, but it could be overestimated due to publication and reporting biases. Therefore, it is considered unnecessary to use ketogenic diet to control body weight.
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreenameMédico Cirujanospa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad El Bosquespa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquespa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/13687
dc.language.isoes
dc.language.isoen
dc.language.isopt
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicinaspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad El Bosquespa
dc.publisher.programMedicinaspa
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dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accessrightshttps://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.localAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.subjectDieta cetogénica
dc.subjectObesidad
dc.subjectSobrepeso
dc.subject.keywordsKetogenic diet
dc.subject.keywordsObesity
dc.subject.keywordsOverweight
dc.subject.nlmW100
dc.titleEfecto de la dieta cetogénica baja en calorías sobre la composición corporal en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
dc.title.translatedEffect of a low calorie ketogenic diet on body composition in overweight and obese adults - A systematic review and meta-analysis
dc.type.coarhttps://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttps://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregradospa

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