Eficacia y seguridad de las maniobras de reclutamiento pulmonar en población pediátrica sin patología pulmonar: una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis

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dc.contributor.advisorGuillermo , Madrid
dc.contributor.advisorMendoza O´Byrne, Mario
dc.contributor.authorMontoya Ruiz, María Camila
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-30T13:55:26Z
dc.date.available2024-07-30T13:55:26Z
dc.date.issued2024-07
dc.description.abstractLos pacientes pediátricos sometidos a anestesia general corren el riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones pulmonares postoperatorias y, una proporción significativa adquirirá algún grado de lesión pulmonar aguda. El reclutamiento pulmonar es una estrategia que permite contrarrestar el desreclutamiento alveolar crónico que ocurre como resultado a los bajos volúmenes corriente. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal de las maniobras de reclutamiento pulmonar es reducir la aparición de atelectasias, minimizando el área pulmonar no disponible. Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de las maniobras de reclutamiento pulmonar sobre las atelectasias en pacientes pediátricos bajo anestesia general. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis. Métodos de búsqueda: se identificaron ensayos clínicos con asignación aleatoria en el PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library y LILACS, hasta diciembre de 2021 sin restricciones en el idioma de publicación. Criterios de selección: ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorios que compararon las maniobras de reclutamiento pulmonar versus placebo en niños pulmonarmente sanos llevados a cirugía bajo anestesia general. El desenlace primario fue la incidencia de atelectasias postoperatorias. Los desenlaces secundarios fueron desaturación, distensibilidad pulmonar y eventos adversos. Recopilación y análisis de datos: dos autores evaluaron de forma independiente la calidad de los ensayos y extrajeron los datos. Análisis de los datos: se utilizó la metodología GRADE para analizar la calidad de la evidencia. Las variables continuas y dicotómicas fueron extraídas con medias ± desviación estándar y frecuencias respectivamente. Para las variables dicotómicas se calcularon riesgos relativos (RR) con intervalos de confianza del 95% y se metaanalizaron los datos según fuera apropiado.
dc.description.abstractenglishPediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia are at risk of developing postoperative pulmonary complications, with a significant proportion experiencing some degree of acute lung injury. Lung recruitment is a strategy aimed at counteracting chronic alveolar derecruitment that occurs due to low tidal volumes. Therefore, the primary objective of lung recruitment maneuvers is to reduce the occurrence of atelectasis, thereby minimizing unavailable lung area. To assess the efficacy and safety of lung recruitment maneuvers on atelectasis in pediatric patients under general anesthesia. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Search methods involved identifying randomized controlled trials in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and LILACS up to December 2021, with no language restrictions. Selection criteria included randomized controlled trials comparing lung recruitment maneuvers versus placebo in pediatric patients without pulmonary comorbidities undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative atelectasis. Secondary outcomes included desaturation, pulmonary compliance, and adverse events. Data collection and analysis involved independent quality assessment and data extraction by two authors. GRADE methodology was utilized to assess the quality of evidence. Continuous variables were extracted as means ± standard deviation, and dichotomous variables as frequencies. Relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for dichotomous outcomes, and data were meta-analyzed as appropriate.
dc.description.degreelevelEspecializaciónspa
dc.description.degreenameEspecialista en Anestesiologíaspa
dc.description.sponsorshipHospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogota
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad El Bosquespa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquespa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/12763
dc.language.isoes
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicinaspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad El Bosquespa
dc.publisher.programEspecialización en Anestesiologíaspa
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacionalen
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.localAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.subjectReclutamiento pulmonar
dc.subjectAtelectasias
dc.subjectDistensibilidad pulmonar
dc.subjectDesaturación
dc.subjectAnestesia general
dc.subjectVentilación mecánica
dc.subject.keywordsLung recruitment
dc.subject.keywordsAtelectasis
dc.subject.keywordsPulmonary compliance
dc.subject.keywordsDesaturation
dc.subject.keywordsGeneral anesthesia
dc.subject.keywordsMechanical ventilation
dc.subject.nlmWO 200
dc.titleEficacia y seguridad de las maniobras de reclutamiento pulmonar en población pediátrica sin patología pulmonar: una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
dc.title.translatedEfficacy and safety of lung recruitment maneuvers in pediatric population without pulmonary pathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis
dc.type.coarhttps://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttps://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Especializaciónspa

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Especialización en Anestesiología