Desarrollo de un prototipo a escala de laboratorio para la aplicación de un recubrimiento en el aguacate Hass proveniente del municipio de Anolaima, Cundinamarca

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dc.contributor.advisorMoncayo Martínez, Diana Cristina
dc.contributor.advisorColina Moncayo, Jhoana Yamilet
dc.contributor.authorGarcía Betancourt, Juan Esteban
dc.contributor.authorRamírez González, Fabiola
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-29T19:27:13Z
dc.date.available2024-11-29T19:27:13Z
dc.date.issued2024-11
dc.description.abstractEl aguacate Hass es fundamental para la economía colombiana, siendo el sexto producto agrícola más exportado. En Anolaima (Cundinamarca), se producen 11 toneladas por hectárea, aunque se registran pérdidas del 20% debido a daños mecánicos y enfermedades fitopatógenas. Las técnicas de recubrimiento, como la aspersión y la inmersión, enfrentan desafíos en la uniformidad y espesor del acabado, aspectos cruciales que afectan las cualidades organolépticas y la aceptabilidad comercial del fruto. Este trabajo propone el desarrollo de un prototipo a escala de laboratorio para aplicar un recubrimiento en el aguacate Hass, estructurando una metodología basada en un diseño detallado de los componentes del prototipo y considerando aspectos morfológicos del fruto. Se llevaron a cabo pruebas de concepto centradas en los subsistemas del prototipo, destacando un sistema de aspersión presurizada con un ángulo de apertura de 60° y una altura de 20 cm. Además, el ángulo de inclinación de 18° en el sistema de rodillos permite una velocidad de bajada del fruto de 33,64 cm/s, con una rotación de los rodillos a 144 rpm. La evaluación de los subsistemas mostró una similitud del 69 % con respecto a un sistema industrializado, aunque se identificaron limitaciones en la viscosidad de la formulación, que afecta la atomización del líquido. El monitoreo en tiempo real de temperatura, pH y nivel de solución garantiza un control adecuado de la viscosidad y la calidad del recubrimiento. El análisis fisicoquímico del recubrimiento mostró un espesor de entre 25,76 μm y 45,07 μm, brindando protección al fruto y evidenciando una disminución del 5 % en la pérdida de peso del aguacate recubierto, lo que indica una reducción en la deshidratación durante la postcosecha.
dc.description.abstractenglishThe avocado Hass is fundamental for the Colombian economy, being the sixth most exported agricultural product. In Anolaima (Cundinamarca), 11 tons per hectare are produced, although losses of 20% due to mechanical damage and phytopathogenic diseases are recorded. Coating techniques, such as spraying and immersion, face challenges in uniformity and thickness of the finish, crucial aspects that affect the organoleptic qualities and commercial acceptability of the fruit. This work proposes the development of a prototype at laboratory scale to apply a coating on the avocado Hass, structuring a methodology based on a detailed design of the components of the prototype and considering morphological aspects of the fruit. Concept tests were carried out focusing on the prototype subsystems, highlighting a pressurized sprinkler system with an opening angle of 60° and a height of 15 cm. In addition, the 18° angle of inclination in the roller system allows a fruit rate of 33,64 cm/s, with a rotation of the rollers at 144 rpm. The evaluation of the subsystems showed a similarity of 69% with respect to an industrialized system, although limitations were identified in the viscosity of the formulation, which affects the atomization of the liquid. Real-time monitoring of temperature, pH and solution level ensures proper control of coating viscosity and quality. The physico-chemical analysis of the coating showed a thickness between 25,76 and 45,07 μm, providing protection to the fruit and showing a 5% decrease in weight loss of the coated avocado, indicating a reduction in dehydration during post-harvest.
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreenameBioingenierospa
dc.description.sponsorshipGINTECPRO
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad El Bosquespa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquespa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/13487
dc.language.isoes
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingenieríaspa
dc.publisher.grantorUniversidad El Bosquespa
dc.publisher.programBioingenieríaspa
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dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accessrightshttps://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.localAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectAspersión
dc.subjectEspesor y uniformidad
dc.subjectPersea americana
dc.subjectPostcosecha
dc.subjectViscosidad del recubrimiento
dc.subject.ddc610.28
dc.subject.keywordsCoating viscosity
dc.subject.keywordsPersea americana
dc.subject.keywordsPost-harvest
dc.subject.keywordsSpraying
dc.subject.keywordsThickness and uniformity
dc.titleDesarrollo de un prototipo a escala de laboratorio para la aplicación de un recubrimiento en el aguacate Hass proveniente del municipio de Anolaima, Cundinamarca
dc.title.translatedDevelopment of a prototype at laboratory scale for the application of a coating on the avocado Hass from the municipality of Anolaima, Cundinamarca
dc.type.coarhttps://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttps://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregradospa

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