Direct-to-consumer genetic testing: Free will or infringement of autonomy?
| dc.creator | Beltran Casas, Orietta Ivonne | |
| dc.date | 2024-12-20 | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-08-22T21:28:39Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-08-22T21:28:39Z | |
| dc.description | Purpose/Context. There are currently several types of direct-to-consumer genetic tests, some to assess health and non-health aspects, which generate controversy with respect to the exercise of autonomy. Methodology/Approach. A literature review with a narrative approach was conducted on the information declared by direct online sales companies, the validity and clinical utility of direct-to-consumer genetic tests in humans, from the elements of respect for the autonomy of principled bioethics. Results/Findings. Of 48 documents selected, the topics were distributed as follows: 29% on direct-to-consumer genetic tests related to health, 15% on tests not related to health aspects, 15% corresponded to information provided to the public by companies, 27% on validity and clinical utility, and 40% dealt with respect for autonomy and legal aspects. Discussion/Conclusions/Contributions. From the perspective of the principled autonomous notion conception, when an individual accesses direct-to-consumer genetic testing, even intentionally, but which is promoted with misleading information/advertising, without pre- and post-results genetic counseling, and in which analytical/clinical validity is insufficient, the level of understanding and freedom of choice for decision making is affected, therefore, acting is not fully autonomous. | en-US |
| dc.description | Propósito/Contexto. En la actualidad existen varios tipos de pruebas genéticas directas al consumidor, algunas para evaluar aspectos relacionados o no con la salud, las cuales generan controversias con respecto al ejercicio de la autonomía. Metodología/Enfoque. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de enfoque narrativo sobre la información declarada por las empresas de venta directa en línea, la validez y la utilidad clínica de las pruebas genéticas directas al consumidor en humanos, desde los elementos del respeto a la autonomía de la bioética principialista. Resultados/Hallazgos. De 48 documentos seleccionados, las temáticas se distribuyeron así: el 29 % sobre pruebas genéticas directas al consumidor relacionadas con salud, un 15 % acerca de pruebas no relacionadas con aspectos de la salud, 15 % correspondieron a información suministrada al público por las empresas, un 27 % sobre validez y utilidad clínica, y un 40 % trataba acerca del respeto a la autonomía y aspectos legales. Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. Desde la perspectiva de la concepción de noción autónoma principialista, cuando un individuo accede a las pruebas genéticas directas al consumidor, aun de manera intencional, pero que se promocionan con información/publicidad engañosa, sin asesoramiento genético previo y posterior a los resultados, y en las cuales la validez analítica/clínica es insuficiente, se afecta el nivel de comprensión y la libertad de elegir para la toma de decisiones, por lo tanto, el actuar no es completamente autónomo. | es-ES |
| dc.description | Purpose/Context. There are currently several types of direct-to-consumer genetic tests, some to assess health and non-health aspects, which generate controversy with respect to the exercise of autonomy. Methodology/Approach. A literature review with a narrative approach was conducted on the information declared by direct online sales companies, the validity and clinical utility of direct-to-consumer genetic tests in humans, from the elements of respect for the autonomy of principled bioethics. Results/Findings. Of 48 documents selected, the topics were distributed as follows: 29% on direct-to-consumer genetic tests related to health, 15% on tests not related to health aspects, 15% corresponded to information provided to the public by companies, 27% on validity and clinical utility, and 40% dealt with respect for autonomy and legal aspects. Discussion/Conclusions/Contributions. From the perspective of the principled autonomous notion conception, when an individual accesses direct-to-consumer genetic testing, even intentionally, but which is promoted with misleading information/advertising, without pre- and post-results genetic counseling, and in which analytical/clinical validity is insufficient, the level of understanding and freedom of choice for decision making is affected, therefore, acting is not fully autonomous. | fr-FR |
| dc.description | Objetivo/Contexto. Atualmente, existem vários tipos de testes genéticos diretos ao consumidor, alguns para avaliar aspectos de saúde e outros não, que geram controvérsias com relação ao exercício da autonomia. Metodologia/Abordagem. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre as informações declaradas pelas empresas de vendas diretas on-line, a validade e a utilidade clínica dos testes genéticos diretos ao consumidor em seres humanos, com base nos elementos de respeito à autonomia da bioética baseada em princípios. Resultados/Descobertas. Dos 48 documentos selecionados, os tópicos foram distribuídos da seguinte forma: 29% sobre testes genéticos diretos ao consumidor relacionados à saúde, 15% sobre testes não relacionados à saúde, 15% sobre informações fornecidas ao público pelas empresas, 27% sobre validade e utilidade clínica e 40% sobre respeito à autonomia e aspectos legais. Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições. Do ponto de vista da noção principiológica de autonomia, quando um indivíduo acessa testes genéticos diretos ao consumidor, mesmo que intencionalmente, mas que são promovidos com informações/publicidade enganosas, sem aconselhamento genético pré e pós-resultados, e nos quais a validade analítica/clínica é insuficiente, o nível de compreensão e a liberdade de escolha para a tomada de decisões são afetados, portanto, a ação não é totalmente autônoma. | pt-BR |
| dc.format | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier | https://revistas.unbosque.edu.co/index.php/RCB/article/view/4347 | |
| dc.identifier | 10.18270/rcb.4347 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/17523 | |
| dc.language | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad El Bosque | es-ES |
| dc.relation | https://revistas.unbosque.edu.co/index.php/RCB/article/view/4347/3744 | |
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| dc.rights | Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Colombiana de Bioética | es-ES |
| dc.rights | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 | es-ES |
| dc.source | Revista Colombiana de Bioética; Vol. 19 No. 2 (2024): Continuous publication | en-US |
| dc.source | Revista Colombiana de Bioética; Vol. 19 Núm. 2 (2024): Publicación continua | es-ES |
| dc.source | 2590-9452 | |
| dc.source | 1900-6896 | |
| dc.subject | Consentimiento Informado | es-ES |
| dc.subject | Asesoramiento genético | es-ES |
| dc.subject | Autonomía | es-ES |
| dc.subject | utilitarismo | es-ES |
| dc.subject | test directos al consumidor | es-ES |
| dc.subject | direct-to-consumer genetic testing | en-US |
| dc.subject | autonomy | en-US |
| dc.subject | informed consent | en-US |
| dc.subject | genetic counseling | en-US |
| dc.subject | decision making | en-US |
| dc.subject | bioethics | en-US |
| dc.subject | teste genético direto ao consumidor | pt-BR |
| dc.subject | autonomia | pt-BR |
| dc.subject | consentimento informado | pt-BR |
| dc.subject | aconselhamento genético | pt-BR |
| dc.subject | tomada de decisão | pt-BR |
| dc.subject | bioética | pt-BR |
| dc.title | Direct-to-consumer genetic testing: Free will or infringement of autonomy? | en-US |
| dc.title | Pruebas genéticas directas al consumidor: ¿libre albedrío o vulneración a la autonomía? | es-ES |
| dc.title | Direct-to-consumer genetic testing: Free will or infringement of autonomy? | fr-FR |
| dc.title | Testes genéticos diretos ao consumidor: livre arbítrio ou violação da autonomia? | pt-BR |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |