Evolución de la carga de enfermedad de la Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) en Colombia: Análisis de 2015 a 2022
| dc.contributor.advisor | Rico Mendoza, Alejandro | |
| dc.contributor.author | Vergara Naranjo, Camilo Alfonso | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rico Mendoza, Alejandro | |
| dc.contributor.author | Porras Ramírez, Alexandra | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rico Mendoza, Andrea | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Vergara Naranjo, Camilo Alfonso [0009-0000-2536-655X] | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-02-17T20:45:04Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-02-17T20:45:04Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024-11 | |
| dc.description.abstract | La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una condición caracterizada por una obstrucción persistente y progresiva del flujo aéreo, con una prevalencia estimada del 5,13 % en Colombia. Esta condición representa el 4,7 % de la carga global de enfermedad. El propósito del presente estudio fue determinar la carga de enfermedad de EPOC expresada en años de vida ajustados por discapacidad (AVAD) en Colombia entre 2015 y 2022. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional ecológico empleando los códigos CIE-10 asociados a EPOC (J440, J441, J448 y J449) para identificar las causas básicas de muerte, extraídas de los microdatos de estadísticas vitales del DANE. Asimismo, se utilizó el registro de personas atendidas en el Sistema Integrado de la Protección Social (SISPRO) entre 2015 y 2022 para estimar la prevalencia de EPOC. Los AVAD fueron calculados sumando los años de vida perdidos (YLL) y los años de vida vividos con discapacidad (YLD) con un peso de discapacidad de 0,408. Resultados: En 2019 se observó la mayor prevalencia de EPOC, con 8,63 casos por cada 1.000 habitantes, mientras que en 2015 se reportó la menor, con 4,45 casos por cada 1.000 habitantes. Al desglosar los datos por grupos de edad, se encontró que, en 2019, entre personas de 80 años o más, la prevalencia alcanzó los 137,3 casos por cada 1.000 habitantes. La tasa de mortalidad más alta ocurrió en 2019, con 0,33 muertes por cada 1.000 habitantes, mientras que en 2021 se registró la más baja, con 0,24 muertes por cada 1.000 habitantes. Los grupos de edad de 60 años hasta 80 años en adelante registraron la mayor cantidad de AVAD; siendo el valor más alto en 2020, en el grupo de 60 a 69 años, con 257.443 AVAD. Las tasas de AVAD alcanzaron un mínimo de 8,3 por cada 1.000 habitantes en 2015 y un máximo de 15,8 en 2019. En general las tasas de AVAD presentaron en 2019 los valores más altos en los grupos de edad de 60 a 69 años con 89,1 AVAD por cada 1.000 habitantes, de 70 a 79 años con 118,1 AVAD por 1.000 habitantes y el mayor valor encontrado en el grupo de 80 años en adelante con 160,8 AVAD por 1.000 habitantes. Conclusiones: Los valores de mortalidad y carga de enfermedad de EPOC encontrados son superiores a los reportados por otros estudios y organismos internacionales para Colombia, lo que destaca la necesidad de evaluar estrategias de prevención y tratamiento en el país. Se identificó 2019 como el año de mayor impacto de EPOC, especialmente en grupos de edad de 60 años o más, quienes requieren una mayor atención en salud | |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition characterized by persistent and progressive airflow obstruction, with an estimated prevalence of 5.13% in Colombia. This condition represents 4.7% of the global burden of disease. The purpose of the present study was to determine the disease burden of COPD expressed in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in Colombia between 2015 and 2022. Methods: An ecological observational study was carried out using the ICD-10 codes associated with COPD (J440 , J441, J448 and J449) to identify the basic causes of death, extracted from the DANE vital statistics microdata. Likewise, the registry of people treated in the Integrated Social Protection System (SISPRO) between 2015 and 2022 was used to estimate the prevalence of COPD. DALYs were calculated by adding years of life lost (YLL) and years of life lived with disability (YLD) with a disability weight of 0.408. Results: In 2019, the highest prevalence of COPD was observed, with 8.63 cases per 1,000 inhabitants, while in 2015 the lowest was reported, with 4.45 cases per 1,000 inhabitants. When breaking down the data by age groups, it was found that, in 2019, among people aged 80 years or older, the prevalence reached 137.3 cases per 1,000 inhabitants. The highest mortality rate occurred in 2019, with 0.33 deaths per 1,000 inhabitants, while the lowest was recorded in 2021, with 0.24 deaths per 1,000 inhabitants. Age groups from 60 years to 80 years and older recorded the highest number of DALYs; being the highest value in 2020, in the 60 to 69 age group, with 257,443 DALYs. DALY rates reached a minimum of 8.3 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2015 and a maximum of 15.8 in 2019. In general, DALY rates presented the highest values in 2019 in the age groups of 60 to 69 years. with 89.1 DALYs per 1,000 inhabitants, from 70 to 79 years with 118.1 DALYs per 1,000 inhabitants and the highest value found in the group aged 80 years and older with 160.8 DALYs per 1,000 inhabitants. Conclusions: The mortality and burden values of COPD disease found are higher than those reported by other studies and international organizations for Colombia, which highlights the need to evaluate prevention and treatment strategies in the country. 2019 was identified as the year with the greatest impact of COPD, especially in age groups of 60 years or older, who require greater health care. | |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
| dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Epidemiología | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.instname | instname:Universidad El Bosque | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | repourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/13982 | |
| dc.language.iso | es | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Medicina | spa |
| dc.publisher.grantor | Universidad El Bosque | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Maestría en Epidemiología | spa |
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| dc.rights | Attribution 4.0 International | en |
| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |
| dc.rights.local | Acceso abierto | spa |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject | Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica | |
| dc.subject | Carga de enfermedad | |
| dc.subject | Prevalencia | |
| dc.subject | Mortalidad | |
| dc.subject | Colombia | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Disease burden | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Prevalence | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Mortality | |
| dc.subject.keywords | Colombia | |
| dc.subject.nlm | WA 105 | |
| dc.title | Evolución de la carga de enfermedad de la Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) en Colombia: Análisis de 2015 a 2022 | |
| dc.title.translated | Evolution of the disease burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Colombia: Analysis from 2015 to 2022 | |
| dc.type.coar | https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | |
| dc.type.coarversion | https://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
| dc.type.hasversion | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dc.type.local | Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Maestría | spa |
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