Characterization of macrolide resistance in Gram-positive cocci from Colombian hospitals: a countrywide surveillance
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Fecha
2007
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Publicado en
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1201-9712, Vol.11, Nro. 4, 2007, p.329-336
Publicado por
Elsevier
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Resumen
Descripción
Abstract
Objective
The characterization of macrolide resistance in Gram-positive cocci recovered from Colombian hospitals.
Methods
The resistance profiles and mechanism of macrolide resistance were investigated in isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (1679), Staphylococcus aureus (348), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (175), and Enterococcus spp (123). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for erythromycin (ERY) and clindamycin (CLI), detection of macrolide resistance genes, phenotypic characterization, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of macrolide-resistant pneumococci were performed.
Results
Resistance to ERY and CLI was 3.3% and 2.3% for S. pneumoniae , 58% and 57% for S. aureus (94% for both compounds in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)), and 78.6% and 60.7% in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis , respectively. ERY resistance was 62% in Enterococcus faecalis and 82% in Enterococcus faecium . The MLS B -type accounted for 71% of S. pneumoniae and 100% of MRSA. The erm (A) gene was prevalent in MRSA, erm (B) in S. pneumoniae and enterococci, and erm (C) in CoNS isolates. Efflux pump genes ( mef (A) genes) were mostly identified in S. pneumoniae (24%). The most common genotype amongst ERY-resistant pneumococci was the Spain 6B -2 clone.
Conclusions
The prevalence of macrolide resistance is low in Colombian pneumococci and high in MRSA (cMLS B -type).
Palabras clave
Keywords
Macrolides, Antimicrobial drug resistance, Streptococcus pneumoniae
Temáticas
Genes bacterianos
Enterococcus faecalis
Encuestas epidemiológicas
Enterococcus faecalis
Encuestas epidemiológicas