Uso de tecnologías basadas en terapia de exposición a realidad virtual para el manejo del dolor crónico: un análisis desde la perspectiva de la justicia distributiva
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2022
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El propósito de este ensayo argumentativo es analizar como el uso de tecnologías de terapia de realidad virtual (TERV), bajo los fundamentos de la justicia distributiva, puedan promover y garantizar las condiciones mínimas de la calidad de vida desde los principios de equidad, oportunidad y justicia, para el manejo del dolor crónico, como tratamiento no farmacológico. La necesidad de controlar el dolor, el cual genera incapacidades (27%), obliga a la formulación de medicamentos opioides, conduciendo a distintas respuestas como eventos adversos, sobredosificación y abuso de los mismos (4,7%) (Sánchez Roca, 2018). La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) incluye la Inteligencia Artificial (IA), como soporte para su aplicación en la ciencia e investigación. Para estos usos, se requiere de la participación de diferentes actores, como entes rectores en políticas sociales, instituciones evaluadoras en tecnologías innovadoras, médicos especialistas, que busquen a partir de la legitimidad y la confianza, resolver las diferencias sociales, con propuestas incluyentes para políticas en planes de beneficios, en pro de una conquista de oportunidades, igualdades, libertades y beneficios, a la luz de los principios de justicia distributiva de Jhon Rawls. Colombia se encuentra inmersa dentro de los países con grandes dificultades para garantizar su acceso y distribución. Las propuestas de estas tecnologías como una alternativa, a través del uso de TERV de inmesión, puede mejorar las respuestas en los procesos cognitivos – emocionales, generando oportunidades, aliviando las barreras de acceso, en donde, su inclusión crea opciones, que conduzcan al encuentro con una vida digna.
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Abstract
The purpose of this argumentative essay is to analyze how the use of virtual reality (VR) therapy technologies under the foundations of distributive justice, can promote and guarantee the minimum conditions of quality of life from the principles of equity, opportunity and justice, for the management of chronic pain as a non-pharmacological treatment. The need to control pain, which generates disabilities (27%), forces the formulation of opioid medications, which lead to different responses such as adverse events, overdose and abuse of opioids (4.7%) (Sánchez Roca, 2018) (Sánchez Roca, 2018). The World Health Organization (WHO) includes Artificial Intelligence (AI), as a support for its application in science and research; for this, the participation of different actors is required, such as governing bodies in social policies, evaluating institutions in innovative technologies, medical specialists, who seek from legitimacy and trust, to resolve social differences, with inclusive proposals for policies in benefit plans, in favor of a construction of opportunities, equality, freedoms and benefits, under the principles of distributive justice of Jhon Rawls. Colombia is immersed within the countries with great difficulties to guarantee access and distribution. Therefore, technologies are proposed as a viable option, where the development of immersive VR can improve the responses in the cognitive-emotional processes, overcoming the barriers of access, where its inclusion would open the doors for a fair distribution in the construction of achieving the restitution of a dignified life. The purpose of this argumentative essay is to analyze how the use of virtual reality (VR) therapy technologies under the foundations of distributive justice, can promote and guarantee the minimum conditions of quality of life from the principles of equity, opportunity and justice, for the management of chronic pain as a non-pharmacological treatment. The need to control pain, which generates disabilities (27%), forces the formulation of opioid medications, which lead to different responses such as adverse events, overdose and abuse of opioids (4.7%) (Sánchez Roca, 2018) (Sánchez Roca, 2018). The World Health Organization (WHO) includes Artificial Intelligence (AI), as a support for its application in science and research; for this, the participation of different actors is required, such as governing bodies in social policies, evaluating institutions in innovative technologies, medical specialists, who seek from legitimacy and trust, to resolve social differences, with inclusive proposals for policies in benefit plans, in favor of a construction of opportunities, equality, freedoms and benefits, under the principles of distributive justice of Jhon Rawls. Colombia is immersed within the countries with great difficulties to guarantee access and distribution. Therefore, technologies are proposed as a viable option, where the development of immersive VR can improve the responses in the cognitive-emotional processes, overcoming the barriers of access, where its inclusion would open the doors for a fair distribution in the construction of achieving the restitution of a dignified life.
Palabras clave
Realidad virtual, Dolor crónico, Abuso de opioides, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Inteligencia Artificial, Escala visual análoga, Justicia distributiva
Keywords
Virtual reality, Chronic pain, Opioid abuse, World Health Organization, Artificial Intelligence, Visual analog scale, Distributive justice